battery knowledge

1. What is battery?
Battery is a component for energy conversion and storage, it changes chemical or physical power into electricity power through reaction. Battery is a kind of chemical electrical source. Two different kinds of electrochemical electrode make up anode and cathode respectively, two electrodes dig into electrolyte which is media conduction. Two electrodes provide power through the conversion of their internal chemical power when connecting to some external Carrier.

2. What are the differences between disposable batteries and secondary batteries?
Disposable batteries just can discharge once; secondary battery can charge and discharge repeatedly. There would be reversible changes between electrodes when chargeable battery discharge, so as to adjust these changes when designing. However, the inside of disposable batteries would be simpler. Because it needn’t adjust these reversible changes. Both quantity and volume of disposal batteries are bigger than normal chargeable batteries, but has much larger resistance than secondary batteries, so that disposal batteries has lower load capacity, what’s more, disposable batteries has much lower self-discharge than secondary batteries.

3. What are the functions that secondary batteries mainly contain?
It mainly contain Voltage, resistance, capacity, interior pressure, self-discharge rate, cycle life, sealing, security, storage performance, appearance, and other over-charge, over-discharge, solderability, inoxidability and so on.

4. What are the battery reliability test projects?
Recycle life, discharge characteristics at different rates, discharge characteristics at different temperatures, charge characteristics, discharge characteristics, self-discharge characteristics, different self-discharge characteristics at different temperatures, storage characteristics, over-discharge characteristics, different temperature resistance properties, high temperature characteristics, temperature cycling test, drop test, vibration test, the capacity distribution test, resistance distribution test, static discharge test, as well as security testing, etc.

5, what are the nominal voltage of battery and the electromotive force of Ni-MH battery?
The generating of electrode potential has something to do with the established double electrode layer. The nominal voltages of different series battery are as follows: lead-acid batteries is 2.0V, alkaline batteries is 1.5V, silver zinc batteries is 1.5V, nickel metal hydride/nickel cadmium batteries is 1.2V, lithium ion battery is 3.6V. Electromotive force is the difference between anode and cathode electrode potential balance when opening the circuit. It is determined by the ongoing reaction of the battery, but has nothing to do with shape and size of the battery. The higher the electromotive force is, the more power output of the battery will be in theory.

6. What are the advantages of Ni-MH battery?
1. Low cost
2. Good performance of fast charge and discharge
3. Long recycle life
4. No memory effect
5. Environment-friendly
6. Wide temperature range of usage
7. Good security performance
 
7. Why Ni-MH battery is a kind of environment-friendly battery?
Firstly, the material of Ni-MH battery is nickel and rare earth alloy which are free from pollution and don’t contain cadmium and mercury; both of them are environment-friendly chemical resource.
Secondly, Ni-MH can be recycled up to 500 times, what they cost is 1/500 of disposal battery; it is a kind of resource saving battery. That is why Ni-MH battery is environment-friendly.
 
8. The hazards of battery?
The hazards of waste battery mainly focus on the small amount of heavy metals in it, for example, lead, mercury as well as cadmium and so on. These toxic substances enter into the body through various means, If these toxic substances save too long to remove, they would damage the nervous system, hematopoiesis and bone. Even worse, they would cause cancer. (Lead-acid batteries containing lead, disposable batteries containing mercury, nickel cadmium batteries containing cadmium), so we should use environment-friendly battery as much as possible. Don’t discard and handle at random; it’s necessary to handle by centralized recycling.